Errores deductivos en escolares y adultosRelación entre sesgos egocéntricos y pensamiento sobre lo contrario a la realidad

Abstract

The vast majority of developmental research has focused on early childhood. However, little is known about what happens latter in development. This doctoral dissertation investigates cognitive developmental changes in two central aspects of human cognition: knowledge attribution and responsibility attribution, in a particularly unexplored period in development, middle and late childhood. To this end, both phenomena are examined in children aged from 8 to 13 years old, and in adults. Knowledge attribution is investigated thought two of the so-called egocentric biases: illusory transparency of intention bias (Keysar, 1994) and hindsight bias (Fischhoff, 1975). The former is related to communicative intent knowledge attribution, whereas the latter is linked to the effect that knowing an outcome has on people’s knowledge attributions to others. In the present work both biases are examined in order to find out (or further know, in the case of hindsight bias) whether they are present in childhood, their developmental trend and the underlying psychological processes to each bias.