Estudio de la variación de la topografía en un olivar en pendiente

Resumen

Nowadays the advance of land degradation worldwide has become a serious problem and is subjected to research. Over several decades this effect has become more serious and extensive in the Mediterranean regions where the agricultural areas accentuate the erosion process and subsequently produces a great environmental impact. This phenomenon is enhanced by meteorological factors, agricultural machinery and specially the gradient of the terrain; they all accentuate the runoffs which drag the topsoil which protect the soil from erosion process. In this work we analyse the impact of erosion in a sloping olive orchard where important loss of topsoil is taking place. We analyse the topographic parameters. In order to develop a study of these factors in detail a high precision MDE is used. We determine variation in the topography from field measurements taken by GPS along two campañas. The principal issue here is to calculate the variation in the MDE values from one campaña to the other. Such accurate analysis requires high precision on taking field data, and management systems. Therefore software GIS is used to analyse, interpolate and extrapolate data and also develop visual analysis of the impact of erosion.