Is High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) a feasible method for improving anthropomorphic and cardiometabolic parameters in preschool children?

  1. Jose Carlos Cabrera Linares
  2. Pedro Ángel Latorre Román 1
  3. Juan Antonio Párraga Montilla 1
  4. Cristian Martínez Salazar 2
  5. José Miguel Espinoza Silva 2
  1. 1 Universidad de Jaén (España)
  2. 2 Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco (Chile)
Revue:
Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación

ISSN: 1579-1726,  1988-2041

Année de publication: 2024

Número: 61

Pages: 792-800

Type: Article

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D'autres publications dans: Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación

Résumé

Antecedentes: El entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad (HIIT) ha demostrado ser un método eficaz para mejorar la condición física y reducir el riesgo de obesidad en adultos. Sin embargo, estos efectos no se han estudiado en la población preescolar. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar los efectos de un programa de entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad a largo plazo sobre variables antropomométricas y cardiometabólicas en niños preescolares con sobrepeso y obesidad. Métodos: Participaron en el estudio un total de 349 (164 niños y 185 niñas) niños en edad preescolar (edad: 4,38 ± 0,62 años). Todos los participantes completaron una intervención de 28 semanas basada en HIIT (2 sesiones/semana), realizada durante las clases de educación física en sus escuelas. Se midieron variables antropométricas (índice de masa corporal, circunferencia de la cintura, grasa corporal, ∑4 pliegues cutáneos), variables cardiometabólicas (presión arterial, frecuencia cardíaca en reposo, aptitud cardiorrespiratoria) y riesgo cardiometabólico. Resultados: Después del programa de intervención, se encontraron diferencias significativas en ∑4 pliegues cutáneos, grasa corporal, presión arterial, frecuencia cardíaca en reposo y aptitud cardiorrespiratoria. Conclusión: El programa de entrenamiento HIIT de 28 semanas puede reducir el riesgo cardiometabólico y mejorar la aptitud cardiorrespiratoria en niños preescolares con sobrepeso y obesidad independientemente del sexo.

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