Construcción y validación de una escala para medir los conocimientos en úlceras de pie diabético en enfermería

Abstract

Nurses play an essential role in the prevention and treatment of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), so it is important that they are trained to achieve up-to-date knowledge. Appropriate and realiable tools to measure knowledge are useful for planning training programmes. Aim: To develop and obtain the psychometric properties of a new scale to measure nurses' knowledge of DFU prevention and treatment. Methods: A first phase of item development and content validation by an expert panel. A second phase with a survey of a sample of 500 nurses in Colombia working in hospitals or wound clinics. Analysis using Rasch models and assessment of construct validity by a test of known groups. Results: The initial 48-item version of the scale showed adequate content validity. The survey and Rasch analysis resulted in the final 35-item CUPD-35 with good fit indices and high realiability (0.97). The mean knowledge score of this sample of nurses was 28.2 (80.2% of the maximum score), which means a good level of knowledge. Conclusions: The CUPD-35 scale is a reliable and valid tool for measuring knowledge of DFU in Spanish-speaking nurses.