Integración de la actividad física en el aula y sus efectos físicos y cognitivo-académicosUna revisión sistemática y una guía práctica educativa

  1. Alba Cámara Martínez 1
  2. Martínez López, Emilio J. 1
  3. Sara Suarez-Manzano 1
  4. Loureiro, Vânia Brandao 2
  5. Alberto Ruiz Ariza 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Jaén
    info

    Universidad de Jaén

    Jaén, España

    ROR https://ror.org/0122p5f64

  2. 2 Instituto Politécnico de Beja
    info

    Instituto Politécnico de Beja

    Beja, Portugal

    ROR https://ror.org/00t9n0h58

Revista:
Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación

ISSN: 1579-1726 1988-2041

Año de publicación: 2023

Número: 49

Páginas: 978-992

Tipo: Artículo

Otras publicaciones en: Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación

Resumen

Esta revisión sistemática tuvo como objetivo analizar los estudios de intervención educativa sobre los efectos de la integración de la actividad física en el aula y sus efectos físicos, rendimiento cognitivo y académico en escolares de entre cuatro y ocho años. Se recuperaron 17 estudios de intervención realizados entre diciembre de 2010 y diciembre de 2022 en cuatro bases de datos. Todos los artículos mostraron que la integración de la actividad física en las clases académicas es beneficiosa para mejorar el rendimiento físico, cognitivo y académico, pero estos efectos variaron según el tipo, la duración y la intensidad de la actividad física empleada. Se discuten las implicaciones de incluir la IPA (Actividad Física Integrada) en las lecciones escolares, en base a las teorías del “aprendizaje corpóreo” y la “teoría de la carga cognitiva”, entre otras, y se ofrece una guía práctica con recomendaciones para la implementación de programas de lecciones activas en el contexto escolar. Finalmente, se sugiere seguir indagando en la temática y analizando los efectos de este tipo de metodología sobre algunas variables específicas, como las funciones ejecutivas o la motivación por las clases escolares.

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