La inmigración y la exclusión del trabajador tunecino en Sicilia

Abstract

This doctoral thesis is based on the question of the non-integration of Tunisian citizens in the province of Agrigento, due to the progressive tightening of Italian immigration rules. I have chosen Agrigento because it is the province where I live and there is a large Tunisian community, which is the most representative of those of non-EU citizens. Immigration is the most important event on the scene of the European Union, henceforth the EU, in recent decades, due to the continuous and growing dimension of the phenomenon. The EU has over time demonstrated its policy constraints which have resulted in a manifest inability to implement equal social policies in favour of integration processes. Italy, with Sicily as the gateway to southern Europe, has undergone a change of civil society, facing the challenge of implementing social policies for integration, which, due to the scarcity of resources and the progressive rigidity of standards, are not fully implemented. Europe has demonstrated over time its regulatory limits and has demonstrated its inability to develop social policies, which, on the contrary, need to be reworked, developed organically to ensure the same level of protection for all third-country nationals present on EU territory. This inequality generates different reception and integration policies in each of the EU states, influenced by the history of each of them. In Italy immigration moves in the context of a deep economic and social crisis, and any attempt to modify integration policies determines, in most cases, the lack of one of the elements considered essential for the integration processes, Work, school opportunities, social relations and the reception capacity of society. The objective is to argue how the rigid evolution of the norms hinders the realization of the integration processes, regardless of the policy of the governments that follow the head of the country. It begins with an analysis of the development of immigration rules and policies. The results were constructed through the study of regulatory evolution and field research, in which several Tunisian citizens participated, which allowed a precise definition of the normative criticisms that hinder the complementary routes. This this policy framework has made it possible to understand the social reality and the influence of the rules on the relationship between Tunisian citizens and access to complementary routes.