Geometrical study of Middle Kingdom funerary complexes in Qubbet el-Hawa (Aswan, Egypt) based on 3D models

  1. Mozas-Calvache, Antonio Tomás 1
  2. Pérez-García, José Luis 1
  3. Gómez-López, José Miguel 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Jaén
    info

    Universidad de Jaén

    Jaén, España

    ROR https://ror.org/0122p5f64

Revista:
Virtual Archaeology Review

ISSN: 1989-9947

Año de publicación: 2023

Volumen: 14

Número: 28

Páginas: 1-18

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.4995/VAR.2023.18418 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Virtual Archaeology Review

Objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

Resumen

Este estudio describe la metodología desarrollada y los principales resultados obtenidos al analizar el comportamiento geométrico de tres estructuras funerarias contiguas situadas en el sur de Egipto. Las tumbas excavadas en la roca están compuestas de estructuras complejas como salas, pasillos, cámaras y pozos. Entre otros aspectos, esta complejidad condicionaba en gran medida la adquisición de datos y el trabajo de procesado. En este contexto, el objetivo principal de este estudio fue desarrollar una nueva metodología para obtener productos geomáticos que facilitaran un análisis geométrico completo de las tumbas. Se han realizado diversos levantamientos fotogramétricos y de escaneado láser terrestre para obtener modelos 3D de precisión en un mismo sistema de referencia. El procedimiento utilizado incluyó la obtención de varios productos secundarios, como varias geometrías (planos y cilindros) ajustadas desde las nubes de puntos, o planos y secciones obtenidas de los modelos 3D. El análisis geométrico ha incluido distintos aspectos de la geometría: dimensiones, proporciones, orientaciones, planeidad de muros, inclinaciones, etc., y está basado en estos productos. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren y confirman ciertas hipótesis acerca de los aspectos constructivos de estos hipogeos basados en una gran cantidad de datos, incluyendo la determinación de un canon proporcional utilizado por los antiguos egipcios para planificar y ejecutar los trabajos de excavación de cada estructura funeraria. La aplicación de esta metodología ha demostrado que este tipo de análisis es viable para detectar algunos aspectos importantes de estas estructuras y de los procedimientos constructivos llevados a cabo hace casi cuatro milenios.

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