Coupling of trace elements in brachiopod shells and biotic signals from the Lower Jurassic South-Iberian Palaeomargin (SE Spain)Implications for the environmental perturbations around the early Toarcian Mass Extinction Event

  1. Baeza-Carratalá, José Francisco 1
  2. Reolid, Matías 2
  3. Giannetti, Alice 1
  4. Benavente, David 1
  5. Cuevas-González, Jaime 1
  1. 1 Universitat d'Alacant
    info

    Universitat d'Alacant

    Alicante, España

    ROR https://ror.org/05t8bcz72

  2. 2 Universidad de Jaén
    info

    Universidad de Jaén

    Jaén, España

    ROR https://ror.org/0122p5f64

Journal:
Estudios geológicos

ISSN: 0367-0449

Year of publication: 2021

Volume: 77

Issue: 2

Type: Article

DOI: 10.3989/EGEOL.44385.604 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openOpen access editor

More publications in: Estudios geológicos

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Abstract

In the westernmost Tethys, the Early Jurassic involved critical environmental changes affecting marine ecosystems. Brachiopods were particularly affected in the South-Iberian Palaeomargin. A late Sinemurian-early Pliensbachian tectonic event led to the collapse of shallow platforms related to the Atlantic Ocean opening. Subsequently, the early Toarcian Extinction Event occurred during a carbon cycle perturbation and the development of oxygen-depleted conditions, mainly affecting benthic communities. In the Subbetic Domain, brachiopod dynamics concur with these major environmental perturbation events. Geochemical imprint of brachiopod shells from this area has been analyzed revealing a clear synchrony between oscillations of trace elements content, global trends in the C and O cycling, and faunal diversity dynamics around critical bioevents, allowing to validate global and regional models related to the platform collapse and the early Toarcian biotic crisis. In the Sinemurian-Pliensbachian turnover and the Toarcian crisis, the redox-sensitive trace metals, REEs, and Fe content in the brachiopod shells show positive excursions. Nevertheless, their trend together with brachiopod diversity patterns, the lower TOC values, and the sedimentary data, support that oxygen depletion must have played a secondary role as environmental stress factor for the benthic fauna. Instead, an increasing temperature gradient is invoked to have played a decisive role, as demonstrated by the main faunal turnover and replacement events correlating with the palaeotemperatures from the peri-Iberian platforms. Shifts on palaeoproductivity, continental influx, and hydrothermal input are also deduced by the increasing concentrations of several trace elements, interpreted as complementary triggering factors of these Early Jurassic bioevents in the westernmost Tethys Ocean.

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