Efecto de un programa de actividad física en el medio acuático sobre las constantes hemodinámicas en mujeres embarazadas

  1. Juana María Vázquez-Lara
  2. Carlos Ruiz-Frutos
  3. Luciano Rodríguez-Díaz
  4. Jesús Ramírez-Rodrigo
  5. Carmen Villaverde-Gutiérrez
  6. Gema Torres-Luque
Revue:
Enfermería clínica

ISSN: 1130-8621

Année de publication: 2018

Volumen: 28

Número: 5

Pages: 316-325

Type: Article

DOI: 10.1016/J.ENFCLI.2017.07.009 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

D'autres publications dans: Enfermería clínica

Résumé

Objective To evaluate the effect of a physical activity programme in the aquatic environment with immersion up to the neck, of six weeks duration, on haemodynamic constants in pregnant women. Methods A six-week physical activity programme in the aquatic environment was carried out with a total of 46 pregnant women, who were distributed into an experimental group (n = 18), which participated in the programme, and a control group (n = 28), which followed routine care. In both groups different haemodynamic measurements were evaluated before and after the program. Results At the beginning of the programme the mean systolic blood pressure was similar between groups, but diastolic blood pressure was slightly higher in the experimental group. When the measurements at the last session were compared, arterial pressures (systolic, diastolic and mean) were significantly higher in the control group (p <.050). Similarly, the initial plasma volume values did not differ between groups, but after the intervention, the control group women showed a higher mean (p <.010). The fraction of sodium excretion (FENa) increased significantly in the experimental group, after the programme, with a mean three times higher (p <.050). Aldosterone plasma levels did not show significant differences between the groups in the different measurements. Conclusion A programme of swimming and immersion exercises in pregnant women contributes to hydrosaline balance, preventing an excessive increase in usual plasma volume during pregnancy and in the activity of the renin-aldosterone axis.

Références bibliographiques

  • Miranda, M.D., Navío, C., Rodríguez, V., Beneficios de la natación en el embarazo. La educación maternal en el agua. Trances. 5 (2013), 373–378.
  • Artal, R., O'Toole, M., Guidelines of the American college of obstetricians and Gynaecologists for exercise during pregnancy and postpartum period. Br J Sports Med. 37 (2003), 6–12.
  • Gaston, A., Prapavessis, H., Tired, moody and pregnant? Exercise may be the answer. Psychol Health 28 (2013), 1353–1369.
  • Leppänen, M., Aittasalo, M., Raitanen, J., Kinnunen, T.I., Kujala, U.M., Luoto, R., Physical activity during pregnancy: Predictors of change perceived support and barriers among women at increased risk of gestational diabetes. Matern Child Health J. 18 (2014), 2158–2166.
  • Barakat, R., El ejercicio aeróbico moderado durante el embarazo su relación con el comportamiento de la tensión arterial materna. Eur J Hum Mov. 13 (2005), 119–131.
  • Carpenter, R.E., Emery, S.J., Uzun, O., D'Silva, L.A., Lewis, M.J., Influence of antenatal physical exercise on haemodynamics in pregnant women: a flexible randomisation approach. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 15, 2015, 186.
  • Amezcua, C., Patrón de actividad física en el embarazo: Factores asociados con la realización de actividad física en el tiempo libre [tesis doctoral]. 2010, Universidad de Granada, Granada.
  • Perales, M., Luaces, M., Barriopedro, M.I., Montejo, R., Barakat, R., Efectos de un programa de ejercicio físico supervisado sobre la estructura cardiaca durante la gestación. Ensayo clínico aleatorizado. Progresos de Obstetricia y Ginecología. 55 (2012), 209–215.
  • Bajo Arenas, J.M., Melchor Marcos, J.C., Mercé L.T., Fundamentos de obstetricia. 2007, Sociedad Española de Ginecología y Obstetricia(SEGO), Madrid.
  • Kim, E.H., Lim, J.H., Kim, Y.H., Park, Y.W., The relationship between aldosterone to renin ratio and ri value of the uterine artery in the preeclamptic patient vs normal pregnancy. Yonsei Med J. 49 (2008), 138–143.
  • Luft, F.C., Gallery, E.D.M., Lindheimer, M.D., Normal and abnormal volume homeostasis. 2009, Elsevier, San Diego, 269–285.
  • Lindheimer, M.D., August, P.H., Aldosterone, maternal volumen status and healty pregnancies: a cycle of differing views. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 24 (2009), 1712–1714.
  • Sans Otero, R., Santandreu Ojeda, M.A., Preparación maternal en el agua. Matronas Profesión. 7 (2002), 33–36.
  • Torres-Luque, G., Torres-Luque, L., García Chacón, S., Villaverde Gutiérrez, C., Seguimiento de un programa de actividad física en el medio acuático para mujeres embarazadas, XI, 2012, Actividad Física y Salud, Kronos, 84–92 II.
  • Lynch, A.M., McDonald, S., Magann, E.F., Evans, S.F., Choy, P.L., Dawson, B., et al. Effectiveness and safety of a structured swimming program in previously sedentary women during pregnancy. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 14 (2003), 163–169.
  • Smith, S.A., Michel, Y., A pilot study on the effects of aquatic exercises on discomforts of pregnancy. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 35 (2006), 315–323.
  • Bgeginski, R., Finkelstein, I., Alberton, C.L., Tartaruga, M.P., Kruel, L.F.M., Effects of water-gymnastics training on hemodynamic variables in pregnant women at rest. IJARE, 3, 2009, 6.
  • Cuesta-Vargas, A.I., González-Sánchez, M., Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud tras un programa comunitario de hidrocinesiterapia para embarazadas. Rev Iberoam Fisioter Kinesiol 13 (2010), 22–28.
  • Soultanakis, H., Aquatic exercise and thermoregulation in pregnancy. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 59 (2016), 576–590.
  • Goodlin, R.C., Hoffmann, K.L., Williams, N.E., Buchan, P., Shoulder-out immersion in pregnant women. J Perinat Med 12 (1984), 173–178.
  • Baciuk, E.P., Pereira, R.I., Cecatti, J.G., Braga, A.F., Cavalcante, S.R., Water aerobics in pregnancy: cardiovascular response, labor and neonatal outcomes. Reprod Health., 5, 2008, 10.
  • Torres, G., Torres, L., Villaverde, C., Directrices en programas de actividad física durante el período de gestación. Revista de Educación Física DEFDER. 1 (2011), 39–50.
  • Aristizabal, J.A.C., Enfermedad cardiaca y embarazo. Memorias Curso de Actualización en Ginecología y Obstetricia, 19, 2013, 21.
  • Kent, T., Gregor, J., Deardorff, L., Katz, V., Edema of pregnancy: a comparison of water aerobics and static immersion. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 94 (1999), 726–729 Part1.
  • Irion, J.M., Irion, G.L., Water immersion to reduce peripheral edema in pregnancy. J Womens Health Phys Therap. 35 (2011), 46–49.
  • Katz, V.L., Water exercise in pregnancy. Semin Perinatol. 20 (1996), 285–291.
  • Sánchez García, J., Villaverde Gutiérrez, C., Ramírez Rodrigo, J., Ruiz Villaverde, G., Arroyo Morales, M., Ruiz Villaverde, R., ACTH, beta-endorphin, and levels of anxiety in middle-age athletes. Int J Sport Psychol. 35 (2004), 149–156.
  • Heenan, A.P., Wolfe, L.A., Davies, G.A., McGrath, M.J., Effects of human pregnancy on fluid regulation responses to short-term exercise. J Appl Physiol. 95 (2003), 2321–2327.
  • Katz, V.L., Rozas, L., Ryder, R., Cefalo, R.C., Effect of daily immersion on the edema of pregnancy. Am J Perinatol. 9 (1992), 225–227.
  • Iglesias Constante, S.M., Revisión de la efectividad del ejercicio acuático durante el embarazo. Metas de Enfermería., 17, 2014, 13.
  • Hartmann, S., Bung, P., Physical exercise during pregnancy-physiological considerations and recommendations. J Perinat Med. 27 (1999), 204–215.
  • Dill, D.B., Costill, D.L., Calculation of percentage changes in volumes of blood, plasma, and red cells in dehydration. J Appl Physiol (1985). 37 (1974), 247–248.
  • Jiménez Jaén, F., Efecto de aplicación del programa de preparación al parto AIPAP® (acondicionamiento integral y pélvico en el agua), en la finalización del parto. Libro de ponencias y comunicaciones del congreso nacional de matronas del XI congreso de la FAME., 2012, 107–108.
  • Del Castillo Obeso, M., Disfruta de tu embarazo en el agua: actividades acuáticas para la mujer gestante. 2002, INDE, Barcelona, 139.
  • Almagro, A.L.C., Rojas, P.P.S., Educación maternal en el agua: una alternativa en la Región de Murcia. Enferm Clin. 13 (2003), 321–323.
  • Convertino, V.A., Blood volume response to physical activity and inactivity. Am J Med Sci., 334, 2007, 72.
  • Smyth, R.M., Aflaifel, N., Bamigboye, A.A., Interventions for varicose veins and leg oedema in pregnancy. Cochrane Libr., 19, 2015.
La source de données: Dialnet