Capacidades físicas y su relación con la memoria, cálculo matemático, razonamiento lingüístico y creatividad en adolescentes

  1. Alberto Mezcua-Hidalgo 1
  2. Alberto Ruiz-Ariza 1
  3. Vania A. Ferreira Brandão de Loureiro 2
  4. Emilio J. Martínez-López 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Jaén
    info

    Universidad de Jaén

    Jaén, España

    ROR https://ror.org/0122p5f64

  2. 2 Instituto Politécnico de Beja (Portugal)
Revista:
Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación

ISSN: 1579-1726,  1988-2041

Año de publicación: 2020

Número: 37

Páginas: 473-479

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.47197/RETOS.V37I37.71089 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Otras publicaciones en: Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación

Objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

Resumen

El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la asociación del nivel de condición física con variables de rendimiento cognitivo como memoria, cálculo matemático, velocidad de razonamiento lingüístico y creatividad. La muestra estaba formada por 163 adolescentes (78 chicas y 85 chicos) de 13,9 ±1,4 años. La memoria se evaluó mediante una adaptación propia basada en la prueba RIAS. Para el cálculo matemático y el razonamiento lingüístico se usaron tests ad hoc y para la creatividad el test CREA. Los análisis mostraron que la resistencia cardiorrespiratoria de los jóvenes se asocia a mejores niveles de memoria (p = ,027), cálculo matemático (p = ,035), razonamiento lingüístico (p = ,014) y creatividad (p = ,005), independientemente de la edad, sexo e índice de masa corporal de los jóvenes. Sin embargo, mejores niveles de velocidad-agilidad, fuerza y flexibilidad no se relacionaron con mejoras en ninguna de las variables dependientes analizadas (todos p > ,05). Se concluye que la resistencia cardiorrespiratoria es el componente de la condición física que en mayor medida se relaciona con altas capacidades cognitivas de los jóvenes. Se sugiere, que desde la Educación Física se implementen programas específicos para incrementar el nivel de capacidad cardiorrespiratoria, con prácticas sistemáticas especialmente durante el periodo extraescolar.

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