Paisajes olivareros en territorios de colonización agrariael caso jiennense

Resumen

Since the early 20th century, the olive grove constantly grew in the province of Jaén, so it had doubled its area in the fifties, reaching 350.000 hectares. The rhythm of this growth accelerated at certain moments due to especially advantageous circumstances, alternating with other ones of standstill. The massive occupation of the olive grove however caused resistances and rejections. Between the reasons employed, two reasons stood out: the scarce economic profitability facing other cultivations and the generation of reduced and gathered in time employment. In this context, the Plan Jaén (1953) is conceived like an opportunity for economic and productive diversification, an alternative capable to restrain that growth of olive grove, considered like an obstacle to territorial development, betting on the introduction of new irrigated farming. The containment of olive expansion, in practice, only was possible for a limited time and in the state irrigated areas. The purpose of our work is to reconstruct the changes in land uses produced inside of these areas and to explain how the olive grove has penetrated, with different intensity grade, where it never had a significant presence.