Fraccionamiento y conversión biológica de la poda de olivo

Résumé

Olive tree biomass can be used as raw material for advanced bioethanol production due its high carbohydrate content. The bioconversion of this lignocellulosic material into ethanol implies three main steps: pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. This agricultural residue has been pretreated using dilute acid, phosphoric and sulfuric, as well as using a two-step pretreatment (acid-oxidative-alkaline). Previously, it was subjected to a water extraction at 120ºC to remove part of the extractives. This allowed to achieve higher sugar yields in the following steps probably due to reduce the formation of carbohydrates-lignin complex. Likewise, a biological pretreatment white white-rot fungi was tested. The aim of all pretreatment was to achieve the maximum fermentable sugar recovery to be converted into ethanol with S. cerevisiae y E. coli. In addition, the ultrasound-assisted extraction was studied with the aim of extracting compounds with antioxidant capacity from olive tree biomass.