Influencia del ejercicio físico en los niveles eritrocitarios de elementos minerales traza

Abstract

Minerals are poorly studied compounds due to methodological issues its determination given their low concentrations in the body. One of the least studied physiological aspects in sports nutrition are the trace elements and their actions in athletes. Physical activity can modify the mineral levels in both blood and serum and disposal. Therefore, the objectives of this thesis are to determine trace mineral concentrations in erythrocyte of athletes from different levels of training, compared to a control group. For it we had a total of 76 subjects separate into three groups: 22 to the group of highly trained, 24 to the trained group and 30 to the sedentary group, from Cáceres. All subjects underwent an evaluation to assess ergoespirometric VO2max, HRmax and other stress parameters. They were also subjected to an anthropometric. All subjects had blood taken fasting 9 hours and erythrocyte was separated after centrifugation. The samples after being appropriately treated were analyzed by ICP-MS. The results of our work show lower levels of macro as Mg, P and Fe in athletes compared to control group. We observed as the intraerythrocytic concentration of all elements were significantly lower in subjects with higher degree of training in relation to the other two groups, being especially significant in the case of copper and manganese (p <0.001). Regarding the toxic element arsenic we observed that higher concentrations was in subjects with more training. Therefore we can conclude that physical activity both acutely and chronically produces changes in erythrocyte concentrations of minerals.